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InvestiRay

Glossary

Financial Assets and Instruments

Assets

It is a valuable property with an ownership meant for trading.

Bond

It is an investment loan that is made between two entities, one of which is a private person or a representative of government agencies, and the other one receives an agreed loan on the trading market. Such loans are operated by the general public.

Currency Pair

It is two different currencies that take part in one trading process, where one currency price dictates another based on the state of the economic and financial market.

Instrument

It is another name for each asset (e.g. valuable metals, currency pairs, cryptocurrencies, etc.) that the Company shares with the Client.

Security

It is any asset or product available on the market, e.g. cryptocurrency, stock, option, bond, and so on.

Client and Account Management

Authorized Person of the Client

It is an individual that is:

  1. Of legal age depending on the laws of their country of citizenship and/or tax residence. In the case the country of citizenship of this figure cannot legally receive the services of the Company, they cannot be an Authorized Person for the Client. An Authorized Person of the Client has the legal right to top up the Client’s trading account and make withdrawals.
  2. A corporate body or other business entity created and active depending on the laws of the country where the Client can legally receive the Company’s services. That corporate body has the legal right to use all available transaction methods to top up the Client’s trading account and make withdrawals according to the Client’s request.

Client’s Account

It is a specific term that relates to each account the Client has with the Company. That includes accounts for investments, trading, or other business ventures.

Identification Data

It is the information each Client working with the Company and opening an account on the Platform should provide, including the passport or other official document that discloses the Client’s full name and registration address. It can also mean the registration number and fiscal registers of the legally opened company or business.

Personal Account

It is a personal location created for the Client on the Company’s Platform, which they can protect and access by the unique password they come up with. The Client’s Trading and Personal Accounts are related, and the latter maintains the Client’s financial transactions, and important data, identifies them, as well as lets them be on the line to receive customer support.

Trading Account

It is a collection of each Client’s financial transactions, trading and non-trading procedures, open positions, assets, orders and other similar information.

Trading and Transaction Processes

Ask

It is the amount of money the Client pays for an asset, which is often presented as a bigger number in quotations.

Balance

It is the amount of money left on the Client’s Trading Account as a result of all financial operations made by the Client. That includes the trading and investment process, withdrawal requests, and deposits to replenish the amount. It is also called the balance of the trading account.

Bid

It is the amount of money the Client receives for selling an asset, which is often presented as a smaller number in quotations.

Complete Transaction

It is a rotation of two trading processes. Both processes are conducted in the same volume and signify either an acquisition with a future sale or a sale with a future acquisition.

Credit

It is a process the Company carries out by replenishing the Customer’s Trading Account to assist them in a continuous trading process.

Crediting Funds

It is a procedure that includes the Client (or their Authorized Person) depositing the funds into the Company’s bank account to replenish their Trading Account balance. The deposit is conducted based on the rules stated by the Company.

Free Margin

It is an amount of money open for new trades and investments in the Client’s Trading Account. The necessary margin is subtracted from the money on the Trading Account to get the free margin.

Force Majeure or Emergency

It is a circumstance that disrupts normal trading conditions, which the Company is not liable for. These situations can be caused by unforeseen affairs like issues with the Company’s software.

Funds

It is an up-to-date balance shown in the Client’s Trading Account. The amount of money on the Account should be added to the credit funds and floating profit, then the floating losses should be subtracted to get the relevant funds.

Hedged Margin

It is a warranty received by the Company from the Client in order to open and preserve fixed/closed positions. A hedged margin is calculated based on each asset and market fluctuations.

Initial Margin

It is the lowest balance a Client should have to open a trading position on the market. Often, it is tied to leveraged instruments.

Instruction to Withdraw Funds

It is an action the Client or their Authorized Person can launch from their Personal Account in order to withdraw funds from the Trading Account to the bank account.

Locked Positions

It is every position, long or short, that is equal in volume, tied to one kind of asset and one Trading Account.

Long Position

It is the purchase of an instrument based on the plan to hold it for a future price rise.

Lot

It is an ordinary amount of base currency or other trading asset units.

Lot Size

It is a standard size of one lot of every base currency or security.

Margin call

It is a warning a Trader gets as soon as the amount of funds in their Account is not enough to resume the trading process. Due to the warning, a Trader gets a chance to close the position before their balance lowers even more. After that, the Platform will close it automatically.

Marginal Trading

It is a procedure which describes the Client purchasing bigger amounts of assets than they can personally afford because of borrowing money from the Company. These big investments are insured by an ‘initial margin’ set before each trading procedure. The amount of ‘initial margin’ is apportioned depending on the asset.

Necessary Margin

It is an amount of money set by the Company which should be on the Client’s Trading Account that promises a successful opening of trading positions.

Open Position

It is a required step to complete the transaction related to the current trade. Upon the opening of the position, the Client is liable for an additional transaction to prove they have the required funds. An additional transaction should either mirror the requested margin amount or be the same.

Order

It is an appeal the Company receives from the Client to launch a procedure related to the pending order, e.g. opening and closing the position, placing and removing the order, and making any other changes.

Order Level

It is an end price stated in the order.

Pending Order

It is a set of directions the Client sets when the asset of choice grows to a specific price, be it opening or closing of a position.

Quotation

It is the current price of the asset used for trading received through the Bid and Ask formula.

Rate

It is the value of the base currency corresponding to the quote currency within the exchange process.

Request for Quotation

It is an official application that gives the Client a chance to know the asset quotation. The Company reserves the right to not proceed with a financial transaction despite the application.

Short Position

It is a purchase of an instrument based on the plan to sell it for a quick return.

Spread

It is a point variability between Ask and Bid.

Swap

It is a financial transaction made by the Client to advance the open position overnight. The price of the swap in question can be both positive and negative.

Volume of Trade

It is the number of the asset for a certain amount of time. You can count it by multiplying the number of lots by the volume of lots.

Trading Platform and Tools

Client’s Terminal

It is a piece of software that is programmed and provided by a third party to aid the Client and the Platform’s connection through the server and FIX protocol. The Client can get important financial updates and conduct technical analysis, open and close the positions, keep in contact with the Company, as well as create, modify and delete orders through the Client terminal.

Server

It is software or a program used by the Company to create a platform suitable for continuous trading and information exchange with the Client. The data available to the Client depends on the Company’s independent decision.

Trading Platform

It is a specialized zone for the Customer that combines a Server and a Client Terminal and includes software tools and programs created to share the current state of the market, place/change/execute orders, and settle disputes between the Customer and the Company.

Market and Trading Concepts

Base Currency

It is the first currency in the currency pair, which dictates the price of the second currency, also called quote currency.

Floating Profits, Floating Losses

It is several profits or losses for open positions that are evaluated based on ongoing rate values.

Indicated Quotation

It is an amount of money the Company rejects to act according to the Client’s request, as a gesture of respect to an asset.

Leverage

It is a situation when the Company gives you a chance to grow the price of the trading position with a significantly small asset size. As the leverage grows, Traders should expect the risks and returns to follow along.

Non-Market Quote

It is an inaccurate quotation that appeared due to a mistake and can be assigned to one of the following circumstances:

  1. A price gap arises as the price returns to an initial state shortly.
  2. Previously to the appearance of this quotation, the assets did not face any intense price fluctuations.
  3. Previously to the appearance of this quotation, nothing along the lines of drastic financial news disrupted the state of the asset.
  4. A significant price gap accompanies the quote.

Operation Day

It is the time dedicated to work: weekday (Monday – Friday), 9 am – 6 pm (GMT-0).

Quote Currency

It is the second currency that follows the first, the base currency in the currency pair, and with the help of which the Client purchases the latter.

Specification of the Contract

It is an original summary of the essential trading terms found in the contract that includes initial margin, lot size, minimum trading volume, swap, spread, and other phrases.

Working Day

It is every weekday except for Saturday and Sunday. So, these are Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday.